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Viramune-common information

Viramune (nevirapine) is a prescription drug used as a treatment for human immunodeficiency virus  HIV and AIDS. The FDA has approved On March 25, 2011 Viramune XR for use in combination therapy to treat adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus  HIV-1 infection.Viramune tablets and suspension contain the active ingredient nevirapine, which is a type of medicine called a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Nevirapine was approved by the FDA in 1996 for use in combination with nucleoside analogues in adults with HIV infection.The FDA has granted generic versions of nevirapine “tentative approval” status .

There is no cure for HIV, but viramune is one of the best of medications that lowers the quantity of virus in the body and slows the progression of the disease from HIV to AIDS. Nevirapine in combination with other anti-HIV drugs  attack the HIV virus.It can help stop HIV from infecting uninfected cells in the body, but it does not help cells that have already been infected with the virus.

HIV converts its genetic material by using a special protein called the reverse transcriptase enzyme. To create DNA, this enzyme uses several different protein building-blocks. Viramune XR works by attaching to the reverse transcriptase enzyme, stopping it from making DNA. Without DNA, HIV cannot multiply.

Preparations: Tablets: 200 mg Suspension: 10 mg/ml . Viramune is available in standard  tablets, which is taken twice-daily, and in an extended-release formation called Viramune XR, which is taken once-daily.

 Viramune medical usage and dosage

Viramune is not intended to be used alone. It is used as part of complex. It usually consist of three or five different HIV medications.

Taking Viramune is a two-step process, because starting at the full dose increases the chance of developing a serious rash. For the first two weeks  of treatment, the dose is one 200mg immediate-release tablet taken once a day. Two weeks after starting treatment, the dose of Viramune is increased to 400mg each day: people may take either one 400mg Viramune XR tablet once a day or one 200mg tablet twice a day.

You may take Viramune with water, milk. You may take Viramune either with or without foods.

Viramune can be given to children, using their size or their body weight to determine the dose – 150 mg/m2 for the first 14 days, then 150 mg/m2 ; maximum total daily dose: 400 mg

Viramune Side Effects

The most serious side effects associated with nevirapine are skin reactions and side effects on the liver, both of which can be severe or life-threatening.

Side effects that are known to be associated with viramune:

  • Liver problems (Viramune can cause severe or life-threatening effects on the liver.)
  • skin rash (Viramune may also cause severe or life-threatening skin reactions)
  • Nausea
  • Fatigue
  • Headaches
  • Diarrhea
  • Abdominal pain
  • Muscle painStop taking viramune and call your doctor at once if you have:
  • fever, sore throat, skin rash;
  • nausea, stomach pain, dark urine

Viramune drug interactions

Before taking nevirapine, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs::

  • aripiprazole
  • atazanavir (should be avoided in combination with nevirapine)
  • efavirenz
  • indinavir
  • lopinavir
  • methadone
  • saquinavir
  • ketoconazole may increase the blood level of nevirapine. The manufacturer recommends that these two medicines are not used together.
  • Rifampin (Rifadin),
  • rifabutin (Mycobutin),
  • ketoconazole (Nizoral).
  • The herbal remedy St John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) should not be taken with viramune as it may decrease the blood level of nevirapine. This makes less effective at fighting HIV and increases the risk of the HIV
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Viramune and pregnancy

Viramune is classified by the FDA as a pregnancy category B drug.Viramune did not cause any significant short-term or long-term side effects in either the mother or her baby.n the United States and other industrialized nations where HIV drug treatment is widely available, the use of single-dose Viramune—without the use of other HIV treatments—is not recommended. This is because single-dose Viramune monotherapy can lead to rapid HIV resistance to Viramune.Viramune can pass from a mother to her baby through breast milk. It is not known what effect this may have on a nursing baby.

Before taking Viramune

Not to be used in

  • Severely decreased liver function
  • People who have previously had to stop taking this medicine due to inflammation of the liver (hepatitis), or who have had recurrent problems with their liver function due to this medicine
  • People who have previously had to stop taking this medicine due to a severe rash, or a rash accompanied by symptoms such as fever, blistering, swollen glands, mouth sores, conjunctivitis, facial swelling, muscle or joint aches, or feeling generally unwell.
  • People needing post-exposure prevention of HIV (for example following needle-stick injuries).